Franklin, Jimmie Lewis. The Blacks in Oklahoma : Newcomers to a New Land. Norman: U. Oklahoma Press, 1980.
—. Journey toward Hope: A History of Blacks in Oklahoma. Norman: U. Oklahoma Press, 1982.
[1] David Blight, in Thomas C. Holt and Elsa Barkley Brown, eds. “The Burden of African-American history: Memory Justice, and a Usable Past,”Major Problems in African American History, Volume 1: From Slavery to Freedom, 1619-1877 (New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000),
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Frederick Douglass believed that history shapes the identity, the motivation, and the meaning of a person